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Showing posts with label <b>Louis Zukofsky</b>. <a href="https://writing.upenn.edu/epc/mirrors/ronsilliman.blogspot.com/">Show all posts</a>
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<div class='status-msg-hidden'>Showing posts with label <b>Louis Zukofsky</b>. <a href="https://writing.upenn.edu/epc/mirrors/ronsilliman.blogspot.com/">Show all posts</a></div>
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<h2 class='date-header'><span>Saturday, January 11, 2003</span></h2>

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<span style="font-family: Arial;">In an email response to the
first of my two blogs on his work, </span><st1:personname><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tom Raworth</span></st1:personname><span style="font-family: Arial;"> remarks &#8220;I&#8217;ve never thought I was reading fast,&#8221;
commenting also that &#8220;I see all those 14 liners as dependent clauses.&#8221; Yet in
ordinary speech, dependent clauses, precisely because they are usually
bracketed by their &#8220;independent&#8221; brethren, often invoke a slight acceleration
in speaking. The return to an independent (or, more accurately, dominant)
clause is then marked by a return to the slower pacing of speech.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">There is an interesting
&amp; rather constant tension between how a poet reads aloud &amp; the text on
the page itself. In Raworth&#8217;s explanation, there is at least a cause &amp;
effect relation between syntax &amp; style. Listening to <a href="http://factoryschool.org/content/sounds/poetry/zukofsky/zuk-a12b.ram">Louis
Zukofsky</a> read aloud from <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">&#8220;A&#8221;</i> &#8211; 12
on Joel Kuszai&#8217;s marvelous <a href="http://factoryschool.org/content/sounds/poetry/frontenac.html">Factory School</a>
website, I note that Zukofsky follows the start of his excerpt with a
relatively rigorous pause at every line break for about the first two stanzas
(starting with &#8220;The best man learns of himself / To bring rest to others,&#8221; p.
135 of the UC Press edition). Yet, only a few lines later, following Zukofsky&#8217;s
own pauses, I would transcribe one stanza as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The time would be too short &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Throw some part of your life
after birds &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Eat and drink.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">What <span class="GramE">cry</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Tops older fame &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span class="GramE"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Far-sighted
not sure sense?</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Heart with mind quick to love,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Look to the real thing unfold
it within you<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Turned there thru pleasure,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span class="GramE"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Bound
anew.</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Sweet thing,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Merry thing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Making your brow half an arch
of a bridge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">So that all people there facing
round quicken their pace,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Fleet and lean<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Desire you but to thirst what
you have &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">On the page, this same
stanza appears more regular:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The time would be too short &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Throw some part <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Of your life after birds &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Eat and drink.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">What cry tops <span class="GramE">older</span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Fame &#8211; Far-sighted <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Not sure sense? Heart <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">With mind quick to love,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Look to the real thing <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Unfold it within you<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Turned there thru pleasure,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span class="GramE"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Bound
anew.</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Sweet thing, merry thing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Making your brow <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Half an arch of a bridge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">So that all people there <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Facing round <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Quicken their pace,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Fleet and lean<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Desire you but to <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Thirst what you have &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Lineated thus, some portions
of the text accelerate while others slow down. Zukofsky&#8217;s line breaks often
stress his Shakespearean phrasing. Read aloud, he mostly buries these little
twists mid-line, rapidly passed by. Thus the page maximizes the potential for
torque in Zukofsky&#8217;s language, whereas his voice, thin &amp; reedy as it is,
minimizes it. Whether this represents a conscious approach to reading aloud or
simply reflects Zukofsky relaxing into the moment of the reading itself is open
to speculation, but I&#8217;m really sure that such a distinction matters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Beginning in the 1950s,
there was some real effort to equate the line with voiced phrasing &#8211; &#8220;breath&#8221;
is what Olson called it, even though it is the need to breathe that stops,
rather than propels, the line. The poets of that decade found the more casual
&amp; seemingly arbitrary approach of some high modernists to the question of
the voiced linebreak almost startling to hear. The rather hard line approach of
these younger writers would reach its apotheosis in Robert Duncan&#8217;s readings
around 1970, when he literally whispered a voiced count of three between every
single line as he read aloud. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Today, I think most poets
treat the text much more as though it were a musical <span class="GramE">score,</span>
the typed line breaks a possible, but not necessarily fixed, index of pauses or
timing. Raworth, in focusing on a syntactic type, generates a style. <span class="GramE">Or does so at least in part.</span> The second longest poem from <span class="GramE"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Clean</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> &amp; Well-Lit</i>, &#8220;Emptily,&#8221; proceeds in a
rather different manner. On the surface, it appears to be a long centered poem
rather in the manner of Michael McClure. In fact, it contains 31 &#8220;units,&#8221;
unnumbered &amp; unseparated (&amp; visible as such only due to the formatting,
containing two such units per page, an approach that requires leaving a great
deal of white space in each page&#8217;s header). Each unit consists of three
stanzas, consisting of five lines, two lines &amp; one line, in that order.
Other rules are visible: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 1.25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">&#167;<span style="font: 7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span>&lt;![endif]&gt;<span style="font-family: Arial;">the last line of
the first stanza consists of two syllables, which may be spread out over one
word or two<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 1.25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">&#167;<span style="font: 7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span>&lt;![endif]&gt;<span style="font-family: Arial;">the first line
of the second stanza in each unit consists only of one single-syllable word<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 1.25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">&#167;<span style="font: 7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></span>&lt;![endif]&gt;<span style="font-family: Arial;">the fourth line
of the first stanza, the second line of the second stanza &amp; the sole line
of the third stanza will be relatively long<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">It&#8217;s a curious fact about
the centered line that, by virtue of having its linebreak visibly marked at the
start as well as the end, linebreaks are thereby minimized &amp; any
variability in line length is muted, since the &#8220;overhang&#8221; now juts out only
half as far, albeit in both directions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Combined with the plasticity
of the lines themselves, this centered text can be read almost as rapidly as
prose &amp; certainly as rapidly as &#8220;Survival.&#8221; So while there are more
subject-verb combinations here than in &#8220;Survival,&#8221; they do little if anything
to slow the propulsion of the reader through the </span><st1:state><st1:place><span style="font-family: Arial;">tex</span></st1:place></st1:state><span style="font-family: Arial;">t. Thus it&#8217;s no accident that Colin <span class="SpellE">MacCabe</span>, quoted on the <a href="http://www.obooks.com/anoz.htm">O Press site</a> in a blurb for <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.obooks.com/tottering.htm">Tottering
State</a></i>, chooses terms such as &#8220;quickest&#8221; &amp; &#8220;mercurial&#8221; to
characterize Raworth&#8217;s writing. &#8220;As a reader,&#8221; <span class="SpellE">MacCabe</span>
writes, &#8220;his delivery is the fastest in the business.&#8221; </span><st1:place><st1:placename><span style="font-family: Arial;">Factory</span></st1:placename><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span><st1:placetype><span style="font-family: Arial;">School</span></st1:placetype></st1:place><span style="font-family: Arial;"> offers evidence in the form of a <a href="http://www.factoryschool.org/content/sounds/poetry/raworth/raworth1.ram">Raworth
reading</a>, although of more recent work.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">MEMOIRS &amp; COLLABORATIONS</span><br /><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Leningrad-American-Writers-Soviet-Union/dp/1562790056">Leningrad</a><br /><a href="http://www.thegrandpiano.org/">The Grand Piano</a><br /><a href="https://www.saltpublishing.com/products/under-albany-9781844710515">Under Albany</a><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">CRITICISM</span><br /><a href="http://www.spdbooks.org/Producte/0937804207/the-new-sentence.aspx">The New Sentence</a><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">ANTHOLOGY</span><br /><a href="https://secure.touchnet.com/C22921_ustores/web/classic/product_detail.jsp?PRODUCTID=327&SINGLESTORE=true">In The American Tree</a><br /><br /><br /><br />
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<br /><img alt="" src="file%3A///Users/Lynn/Desktop/silliman2a.jpg" / /><img alt="" src="file%3A///Users/Lynn/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/moz-screenshot.png" / /><span style="color: #990000; font-weight: bold;">RON SILLIMAN</span> has written and edited 40 books, and had his poetry and criticism translated into 16 languages. Silliman was a 2012 Kelly Writers House Fellow, the 2010 recipient of the Levinson Prize from the Poetry Foundation, a 2003 Literary Fellow of the National Endowment for the Arts, a 2002 Fellow of the Pennsylvania Arts Council, and a 1998 Pew Fellow in the Arts. Silliman has a plaque in the walk dedicated to poetry in his home town of Berkeley and a sculpture in the Transit Center of Bury, Lancaster, a part of the Irwell Sculpture Trail. He lives in Chester County, Pennsylvania and teaches at the University of Pennsylvania.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />(c) 2002-2019 by Ron Silliman.
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